The action is to diagnose DKA with ketonaemia, acidaemia, bicarbonate and the anion gap, then keep looking for the trigger. Open this for a practical refresher on euglycaemic DKA, potassium-first thinking, balanced crystalloids, and why insulin continues after glucose starts to fall.

Toxicology decisions often depend on bedside pattern recognition before levels return. Clonus, pupil findings, ECG changes, andacid-base status narrow the toxidrome, while naloxone should be titrated to ventilation, not full wakefulness, and toxic alcohol poisoning merits early fomepizole on clinical suspicion.

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