Emergency leadership becomes clinical risk management after the first technical task succeeds. Ask what is wrong with the plan, invite quieter voices before senior opinion, and use post-intubation or post-ROSC pauses to reset the next five minutes.

The pitfall is treating a difficult procedure, sharp feedback, or a messy shift as proof of fixed ability. Save this for later in the queue: it links mindset, psychological safety, and team input to safer learning under pressure.

Useful because it treats sleep as a clinical performance problem rather than a lifestyle extra. The practical take-home is timing: caffeine cut-off, brief naps, dark rooms, lighter meals and lower-dose melatonin used deliberately instead of hoping exhaustion will do the job.