Adjuvant kidney cancer decisions need recurrence risk made visible. Use stage, grade, nodal status and recurrence-risk score before offering pembrolizumab, and state the uncertainty for non-clear cell disease rather than stretching clear cell trial data.

Stage III melanoma decisions are harder than simply offering everyone adjuvant treatment. This oncology review is best for the trade-off between BRAF and MEK toxicity and immunotherapy toxicity, and for understanding why palpable nodal disease matters when neoadjuvant treatment enters the conversation.

The oncology item is more specialist, but it gives a clinic checklist: request mismatch repair or MSI, HER2 and PD-L1 early, use CPS and TPS for squamous disease, and treat nutrition as part of metastatic oesophago-gastric cancer care.

A changing mole or a new pigmented lesion matters here because the excision report drives almost every next step. Breslow thickness, ulceration, and nodal staging decide whether wider excision, sentinel lymph node biopsy, follow-up intensity, or adjuvant PD-1 treatment enter the conversation.

Keep this one for the broader reset. It clarifies adjuvant versus neoadjuvant therapy, reminds clinicians that palliative care still means active treatment, and brings attention back to everyday supportive care, including fatigue planning, bowel regimens with oral opioids, and venous access.

The pitfall is assuming that a large artificial intelligence literature means routine radiotherapy practice is already settled. This episode stays useful because it asks better questions about blinded review, workflow delay, cost, governance, and whether automation solves a real planning bottleneck.

PSMA lutetium belongs in specialist MDT selection for the right PSMA-avid metastatic prostate cancer patient, not as a universal next step. Review receptor expression, prior systemic therapy, xerostomia risk and local imaging or radiotherapy infrastructure before referral, because treatment timing and service readiness change suitability.

PSMA lutetium only helps when the scan and the patient match the treatment. Review PSMA PET with CT to avoid missing clinically important disease that is not tracer-avid, and monitor blood count, renal function and dry mouth or eye toxicity before each cycle.

The trigger is rectal bleeding, haematuria or altered bowel habit years after pelvic radiotherapy. Start here for a practical guide to pelvic radiation disease, including toilet posture, loperamide, and when gastroenterology, urology or late-effects teams should be involved.

New bowel or bladder symptoms months or years after pelvic radiotherapy should trigger consideration of pelvic radiation disease rather than automatic reassurance or recurrence alone. Routine symptom questioning, simple measures such as toileting posture and regular low-dose loperamide, and timely referral can change function quickly.